What is the purpose of access control in security?

The purpose of access control in security is to restrict entry to authorized personnel only. This system is vital for ensuring the safety and integrity of a facility, organization, or event. By controlling who can enter a particular space, access control helps prevent unauthorized individuals from gaining entry, thereby reducing the risk of theft, vandalism, or other forms of misconduct.

Access control can take various forms, including physical barriers like doors and gates, as well as technology such as keycards, biometric scanners, and security personnel. This layered approach ensures that only individuals with the appropriate credentials or permissions are allowed access, creating a secure environment.

The other options do not align with the primary objectives of access control. Allowing free entry to all individuals would compromise security, constant surveillance is related to monitoring rather than access management, and maintaining a pleasant environment, while important, is not a fundamental goal of access control in a security context. Therefore, the correct answer reflects the essential function of access control within the scope of security operations.